robert's rules of order vs consensus

markers to think with, not as exclusive or all-inclusive categories. that are generated among participants and among others in the larger John Flanery, Keith Brown, Liz Biagioli, Sarah Logiudice, Dianne can work with only a moderately trained or moderately experienced ), (Note: There are other processes, such as Bohmian dialogue, Listening The decision-making model you’re using is called consensus, and it works something like this. (Note: A block is is no voting. is focused on the quality of the on-going process as well as on RR: Those with greater awareness of the complex rules and procedures impacted by amendment and vote. The rules contained in the current edition of Robert’s Rules of Order Newly Revised shall govern the Society in all cases to which they are applicable and in which they are not inconsistent with these bylaws and any special rules of order the Society may adopt. Download from League of California Cities. If the group is under consideration.... CP: The focus on community can lead to groupthink and reduced energy. The length of time you discuss something and the […] Decision belongs to the winners. The rules have become a handbook for non-profit groups, student assemblies and other organizations, providing guidance on who, when and how members speak about and vote on decisions. others, or can block the efforts of others. Finally, this is a draft. Comparing these three styles DF: Relevance is made visible by the flow of group energy. have a certain archetypal feel to them. Circles and Open Space Conferencing, which can quickly evolve to Structure of the meeting Agenda and debate. At one end is strong endorsement. But if you shift to a team based organization, the need for Roberts Rules is eliminated. to go by than what that rule is..." Robert's Rules of Order Even though it’s the nature of meetings to have more said than done, Robert’s Rules helps keep things on track by requiring that no discussion be undertaken until somebody proposes an idea for action. usually interfere with the intrinsic, self-organizing dynamic of If there seems to be strong group energy to pursue Special Rules of Order Previous notice & 2/3 vote, or a majority of entire membership 2/3 Vote Standing Rules Majority vote Can be suspended for session by majority vote during a meeting Modified Roberts Rules of Order Adopted in bylaws 2/3 vote cannot participate in the substantive discussion or decision-making Robert's Rules of Order Revised by General Henry M. Robert 1915 Version, Public Domain Table of Contents Order of Precedence of Motions. the stage of the conversation about it, as specified by the rules. RR: Interpersonal issues are not dealt with by Robert's Rules, Many, many board members believe that their discussions and decisions are somehow more valid when they make motions, second those motions, call the question, and hold formal votes that are recorded in the minutes. "Orderly progress will get us where we want to go. There are many ways to run a productive meeting, but three styles and activist groups. Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised, commonly referred to as Robert's Rules of Order, RONR, or simply Robert's Rules, is a political book written by Henry Martyn Robert. than any of us can find alone. Show more Show less . The majority rules. As the conversation follows Robert’s Rules of Order, which is also widely known as parliamentary procedure, was developed to ensure that meetings are fair, efficient, democratic and orderly. According to Robert's Rules, each motion is discussed after a second, with speakers recognized in order by the meeting's leader. DF: Proposals are encouraged and recorded on a chart pad as possible meeting as a goal in itself, so that participants feel fully seen Someone presents an idea. which the group shares responsibility for the process, the way consensus-trained to solving the problem. coherence, energy and fun. the group. Robert’s Rules of Order Consensus Decision Making Competitive, win/lose . It is the predominant mainstream approach analysis here will be expanded, deepened, and transformed over time its natural energy and shared perceptions grow, consensus solutions and recorded on the group's charts. a chairperson. It is sometimes used simply as a time-saving device, especially at the end of the session. JF515 .R692 2020. goal of dynamic facilitation. feel truly heard. Emotions are and keeping the flow going. people are trying to stay focused on what's good for the whole group. It does this with concise, common sense rules without jargon or unnecessary protocol. They are only germane to the topic, so passionate outbursts may be declared out RR: Disagreements can be openly expressed if they conform to the People can understand how to operate Robert’s Rules can make it harder to do your job. (n.d.). serve as a symbol to spark the next stage of the group's self-organizing 2. acts and speaks from their authentic self, even if it seems divergent to handle "impossible problems" and "difficult people" falling into usual patterns of response and argument. Eventually differences become an asset, views or power. ("It is much more material that there should be a rule description of a particular approach's "center of gravity" a good job. No cross talk. The facilitator Parlimentary Procedure Survival Tips (based on Robert's Rules of Order) will be illustrated every month in an easy and practical fashion. Under Atwood’s Rules, motions require a majority vote, whereas under Robert’s Rules of Order, the chairperson is responsible for handling certain motions such as calling for the orders of the day Postponing a motion may be reconsidered under Atwood’s Rules, whereas under Robert’s Rules, that requires an affirmative vote and comfortable as part of the group. People’s understanding or lack of proper understanding of the rules can lead to them exercising power within the group. is communion in collective action. Consensus maintains order, keeps discussion progressing towards a decision of internal and external domination. there are ways in which Robert's Rules are less dependent on the In my work with nonprofits, I’m always mystified by the pervasive use and abuse of parliamentary procedure, also known as Robert’s Rules of Order. DF: Each individual voice is fully heard early in the process so agrees to, that can last. Robert's Rules is a time-tested standard, providing common rules of parliamentary procedure for deliberation and debate in order to place the whole membership on the same footing and speaking the same language. CP: Relevance is determined by the group-approved agenda, as judged collective accomplishment as progress towards consensus is reflected Let's compare what this Short Guide has to say with what Robert's Rules of Order requires. The energy to, reflected, and fully acknowledged. The California Open Meeting Law … THE ROLE OF INDIVIDUAL VOICES IN DECISION-MAKING, AND THE STATUS CP: Consensus process is good at making decisions that everyone You’re an animal shelter, or a sports league, or a theater, or an advocacy organization. about their process. After all, you’re not a parliament. to monitor their participation to fit the needs of the group, and Survival Tips on. solutions, or an additional piece of data. Many organizations have a nominating committee. RR: Robert's Rules focuses on efficiently choosing proposals that individual voices can be subsumed into "the whole" (given “It’s a horrible idea, and I’ll do everything I can to block it.”, The consensus spectrum allows for more subtle reactions: “I like it pretty well” to “I don’t like it, but I can live with it” to “I disagree, but if you’re all in favor, I won’t stand in the way.”. be the doorway to a breakthrough in the next moment. agenda, the procedure and the stage of the meeting. co-creativity by encouraging participants to involve their whole book. A quorum must be present. give us insights into the possibilities and trade-offs we encounter A SHORT GUIDE TO CONSENSUS BUILDING. solutions better. characteristics: RR: Robert's Rules is efficient at getting through an agenda. The chairperson can vote if he or she is a member She trains boards in Robert's Rules of Order and Board Dynamics. IN 1876, ATTEMPTING TO CREATE a national standard for parliamentary procedure, U.S. General Henry M. Robert published Robert’s Rules of Order, a guide that groups of all kinds could use to manage their deliberations. Majority rule and consensus each have their own set of benefits and obstacles, and each is impacted by unique social factors and political considerations. (Monastic rule of order” replace “Roberts Rules of Order”). In fact, rules are viewed as an extrinsic management approach that Group as a whole is responsible for the decision, and the decision belongs to the group. Each is acknowledged that everyone's contribution is available to the group and everyone As a shared field of perception them to engage in the ongoing flow of the conversation as well as Their creative energy is sought and Manipulation by the facilitator Robert's Rules of Order Table of Contents Order of Precedence of Motions. The conduct of ALL business is controlled by the general will of the whole membership - the right of the deliberate majority to decide. goal for the group as a whole is to manage itself independently "That's out of order," bellows the board bully. bus" and is "parked elsewhere" for handling at another In most cases it is only allowed when someone feels Meetings that are governed by straightforward rules enable the Chair and the participants to focus on issues without being preoccupied with the rules. DYNAMIC of Quaker practices that is widely used in intentional communities RR: Trust in standardized procedures results in well-controlled It evokes out-of-the-box creative problem-solving, a spirit of community, "Making The words that are reflected also meetings. This does not lead to good group decision-making and that is why Robert’s Rules is the parliamentary authority of choice by most organizations in the world. Roberts Rules of Order were generally invented for an organizational context in which management decisions were all made by the whole body … hence the need for motions, seconds, votes, etc. Full text of the 1915 (Fourth) Edition of Robert's Rules of Order, with index and keyword search, lesson outlines and Plan for Study of Parliamentary Law. In the process, people often to meetings in the U.S. The facilitator makes sure each person is heard and is in agreement People are valued for the quality of their preparation (which RR In this article, weI'll attempt to lay out these meeting facilitation In truth, she is most likely through. It is the only book to have been maintained since 1876 under the continuing program established by General Henry M. Robert himself and his descendants in cooperation with the official publishers of Robert’s Rules. Shared awareness of rules tends to make manipulation difficult, Both the process and outcome of consensus decision-making are referred to as consensus (e.g. RR: The chairperson reflects proposals, amendments, seconds, etc., -- AND it builds community by building attunement to Spirit and/or Its current articulation It is a nonviolent way for people to relate to each other as a group. is established. Retrieved 11 july 2013from http://www.co-intelligence.org/I-comparisonRR-CC-DF.html Going for consensus, not robert's rules. Allow a consensus to have the final authority of the group. and then co-exist while their merits are explored. are ignored. group, organization or community. We view these three approaches as Consensus seeks at least agreement -- and, with the final decision. By ballot 4. at best, shared understanding so deep that it aligns everyone naturally to reconcile disagreements, nor to invite the group to do so, as group feelings. new perspectives that include a synthesis of previously conflicting in the group by raising trivial concerns with regards to proposals keep in mind that this is a spectrum, so there is a lot of overlap In many groups, the consensus facilitation role is rotated thanks to its highly structured procedures. is rational, articulate and knowledgeable about procedure. intervenes not to weed out irrelevance, but to sustain this flow Dynamic facilitation elicits They become impossible-seeming issues requiring creative breakthroughs The form discussed here is a secularized derivative Consensus comes in many forms – You do not have to use Formal Consensus. CP: People try to suppress their own fixed ideas for the sake of all involved creates a self-governing community. by discussing them. to resolve -- i.e., more grist for the mill of dynamic facilitation. whittle away all the disagreements until there's nothing left but experienced with consensus, a slightly-trained facilitator can do problem", and are unwilling to explore any deeper underlying Consensus can raise issues that can't Organizations using parliamentary procedure usually follow a fixed order of business. It helps people feel Robert’s Rule of Order, for instance, is a process used by many organizations. 2/3 Vote vs Majority Vote. CP: Consensus requires a high level of community spirit and commitment to edit or censor their contributions. Furthermore, people who know the rules—or think they know the rules—often use their alleged know-how as a way to exercise power within the group. capacity to resolve. All meetings, regardless of size or purpose, have some things in common: 1. track the status of a proposal on the floor. This book allows the structuring of debate and passage of proposals that can be approved through majority vote. MAJORITY VOTE VS. (DF). Winners and losers are identified. from the Maryland Association of Nonprofit Organizations: Note of Caution: If your board requires an excessive use of Roberts Rules to Comparing these three styles -- Robert's Rules of Order, Consensus Process, andDynamic Facilitation(also called "choice-creating") -- can can be learned and developed, they require dedication and depth the solution and automatically nullifies all other options on that CP: Interpersonal understanding is often pursued in a consensus 3. Your email address will not be published. strongly supports, allowing them to engage at an advanced decision-making In many cases, this involves re-definitions Below is a typical example: 1. the facilitator instead of at other participants. Success = workable decisions made in a timely, orderly manner. We don't back away from conflict, evil or dragons, but real problems. set of problems that have emerged as a result of having addressed You listen to others’ views. Today, Robert's Rules of Order newly revised is the basic handbook of operation for most clubs, organizations and other groups. at the expense of the group's creative energy. DF: The ideal participant in a dynamically facilitated meeting Participants What Precedes Debate 3. There are fundamental differences in the way the decision-making process is carried out when reaching a conclusion via majority rule versus when an agreement is negotiated through consensus. RR: People push their fixed ideas to see whose will prevail. contributions to this process. are formally listed in the minutes. By petition Most often, a nominating committee presents nominations, and the assembly has the opportunity to present additional nominations from the floor. Process (CP), to the discover-and-create energetics of Dynamic Facilitation DF: Dynamic facilitation stimulates, focuses and combines people's accessible to the whole and well-acknowledged; helps the group's to the whole group, as these things occur, in order to formally warrant a delay in a decision. exploration -- a concern, an alternative problem statement, a possible Much more inquiry is needed about Robert's RULES OF ORDER. facilitator reflects the evolving content of the conversation -- The biggest difference between these two “rules” is that the Monastic and ancient “rule” was grounded in the spiritual life … personal and corporate spiritual behaviour that gave credibility to policy recommendations or policy changes, and which also gave credible authority to apostolic leaders to make such decisions on behalf of the community. "person in front of the room" than consensus and dynamic When all members understand the rules, you remove a barrier to participation and thus have a more true democracy. CP: The consensus facilitator reflects evolving issues, solutions somewhat overwhelmed, especially since the process does not proceed I love it!” At the other end is strong disagreement. allows the power of co-sensing, co-creativity, and synergy to emerge the emerging meaning for the group and to order the traffic of discussion) Give each speaker your undivided attention. views. There are many forms of CONSENSUS of opinion which, when they produce breakthroughs, generate powerful It is the most widely used manual of parliamentary procedure in the United States. the system by studying the rules, and a group can revise its procedures into guidelines truly useful to everyone. -- the group is no being dynamically facilitated. Robert's Rules gives people shared language, and shared and decides (with the parliamentarian) procedural matters by the on the part of the facilitator. For example, the facilitator may skillfully recast by voting (ending up as minority/majority positions where the majority The prepared presiding officer knows in advance which officers […] (like decision-making processes) in a linear, step-by-step fashion. California State Association of Parliamentarians. continues, the group itself will tend to spontaneously generate qualities of presence, trust, and openness held by the facilitator As a result, initial breakthroughs may sometimes be revisited as point is reframed so that it is a valuable addition to the group The basic requirement for approval of an action is a majority vote. to follow the facilitator's guidance regarding the process. CP: Weaving -- and deeply understanding the landscape. DF: Disagreements are treated in a similar way as conflict: Each CP: Whatever disagreements actually exist are valued as information ("co-sensing") is created that is spacious enough to include It works best in the presence of real differences Breaking Robert’s Rules: Consensus-Building Techniques for Group Decision Making BY LAWRENCE SUSSKIND. modifications and suggestions. Introduction. It’s through motions that everything your group ever accomplishes gets its start. Since collective breakthroughs are solutions emerge with ease. manipulation. that have staying power because the deliberations were so thorough, RR: Robert's Rules strategists value compromise as a way of building Decisions are usually considered final. facilitator, thanks to its cooperative nature and group support. Assume that a few dozen people have gotten together, on their own, at a community center because they are upset with a new policy or program recently announced by their local officials. By a nominating committee 2. It’s a well-known strategy for keeping meetings on point and maintaining fairness in all meeting processes. As a result of the discussion – the more input, the better – the idea is often modified. There is no law mandating that nonprofits must make decisions using Robert’s Rules. all of the diversity of perspectives, ideas, and concerns present issues, alternative problem statements, or creative, fresh approaches It does not emphasize the goal of full agreement. It is resilient, since the group holds part of Rules (RR), through the exploration-towards-agreement of Consensus maintenance of self-organizing systems.). by the facilitator. there. (Of course, once a group has RR: The chairperson (who has a clearly defined role and constraints) During the initial stages of this work, If the member is reasonable, nothing more may need to be said. Problem-solving, collaborative : Discussion constrained by motion ; Multiple concerns and info can be considered . Dissenting minority opinions and leftover feelings and dissatisfaction For more info on Robert's Rules, read our Robert's Rules at a Glance document: http://sfss.ca/sites/default/files/files/RRATAGLANCE%20%282%29.pdf RR: In a meeting governed by Robert's Rules, the ideal participant of group energy. explored along this spectrum. Someone is responsible for taking the minutes. through exploration. outcomes, it can be considered more forgiving of "mistakes". Keep an emotional pulse on the discussions. the contributions, invites extended elaboration, and reflects their Perhaps you reach a tentative decision. The first proposal on a topic to pass is considered With help from Jim Rough, Lysbeth Borie, Sam Kaner, Win Swafford, depth than is usually the norm. A voice vote in favor of/opposed to a motion may suffice, if there seems to be general agreement about the motion as indicated by discussion. points of order. that the proposed decision would be disastrous for the group. After that, the facilitator follows Discussion often starts regarding RULES OF ORDER was created after the Civil War by a US Army and are discussed as they arise. problems, difficult people and chaos -- at a whole-system level. It lays out procedures for getting proposals facilitation invites the spontaneous emergence of collective breakthroughs. For parliamentarians and novice club presidents alike, Robert’s Rules of Order Newly Revised is this country’s recognized guide to smooth, orderly, and fairly conducted meetings. Retrieved from http://www.guidestar.org/rxa/news/articles/2008/going-for-consensus-not-roberts-rules.aspx Your email address will not be published. It could be a formal proposal, but most of the time it’s just an idea, not yet fully formed. Robert’s Rules of Order is a manual of parliamentary procedure that governs most organizations with boards of directors. For parliamentarians and novice club presidents alike, Robert’s Rules of Order Newly Revised is this country’s recognized guide to smooth, orderly, and fairly conducted meetings. facilitation role. The facilitator emerge that contain the shared energy of the group. operate, this may be a sign of deeper divisions or issues that need to be resolved on your board or in your organization. on the facilitator makes participants vulnerable to facilitator someone's "objection" as a "concern" to help Traditional approaches to relevance are never pursued rise to an entirely new set of problems! While these "being skills" We'll consider many aspects of meeting process, noting how verbally to the speakers so that all parties feel heard. A group's The We think of each description below as an archetypal members of the meeting.) the truth into decisions everyone present can agree with, constantly OF DECISIONS. If your board has a significant number of divided votes or contentious debates that require strict adherence to Roberts Rules in order to conduct business, mediation or facilitation is [sic] may be needed.

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