hurdy gurdy history
The box form of the The drone strings produce steady sounds at fixed pitches. Many folk music festivals in Europe feature music groups with hurdy-gurdy players.
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Improper cottoning results in a raspy tone, especially at higher pitches. These instruments generally have a narrow keybox with drone strings that run outside the keybox. Both forms are found in French-speaking areas, while guitar-bodied instruments are the general form elsewhere. The following description of various types uses this framework:Small-wheeled (wheel diameter less than 14 cm, or about 5.5 inches) instruments are traditionally found in Central and Eastern Europe. The first recorded reference to fiddles in Europe was in the 9th century by the Persian geographer Ibn Khurradadhbih (d. 911) describing the lira (lūrā) as a typical instrument within the Byzantine Empire. ��\7vOM�ѕ�����C���&3�\��V[&[��y[�{6���(;�L�Q0����Ȳ/6��^���4;����L����+�h�%s�]/gO�+YTt�ؖB�l��QxӢ�-�}o@(��V�oK��-�dOR����`����g�v'��=(Vʾ5�t�k�Y#�B�H7H��bu�LvD��$��� ��N�'�X$`2|s�� ��^K��r^!�F��ⴤ�?��ǵ����`��˂m��`5�E� In her overview of the instrument's history, Palmer recorded twenty-three different forms,There are two primary body styles for contemporary instruments: guitar-bodied and lute-backed. Hurdy Gurdy History. The term hurdy gurdy was not coined in England until the eighteenth century.
Revivals have been underway for many years as well in Because of the prominence of the French tradition, many instrument and performance terms used in English are commonly taken from the French, and players generally need to know these terms to read relevant literature. 10 0 obj << /Length 11 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> stream ���#��*�y:=��p�*��C��B�_%��Ncזg�?�c_�6Ҟ7@�l;�z�r�W�ʲ|�hZ�u`�yL���^�x�0IzBZ�# $P��!���n��rK��� M��+�*�n/R�d��Z!��KO��GX�H;�ʱ�u��"7>-�h�Q��B�c+{�.�jwzB-�i��%Z%s��(��F��������a:����Z�L�;j ����5�y��0�b WHAT IS A HURDY GURDY?
%PDF-1.2 %���� The most famousThe hurdy-gurdy is generally thought to have originated from The pitches on the organistrum were set according to During the late Renaissance, two characteristic shapes of hurdy-gurdies developed. AShort History of the Hurdy-Gurdy. They used a large music box operated by a crank. The Lira Organizzata was a hurdy gurdy with a bellows and organ First, to dispel a popular misconception: the hurdy gurdy was not played by the organ grinder or his monkey. While initially used in churches before they had organs (around 1,100 a.d., northern France), it didn't take too long before street musicians used hurdy gurdies in folk music. Chicago Studies in Ethnomusicology, University of Chicago Press, 1990Christopher Page, "The Medieval Organistrum and Symphonia.
Slovene Folklore, Author(s): F. S. Copeland, Source: Folklore, Vol.
The melody string(s) (French To achieve proper intonation and sound quality, each string of a hurdy-gurdy must be wrapped with cotton or similar fibers.
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One of the earliest forms of the hurdy-gurdy was the organistrum, a large instrument with a guitar-shaped body and a long neck in which the keys were set (c… The first was guitar-shaped and the second had a rounded By the end of the 17th century changing musical tastes demanded greater polyphonic capabilities than the hurdy-gurdy could offer and pushed the instrument to the lowest social classes; as a result it acquired names like the German During this time the hurdy-gurdy also spread further to Central Europe, where further variations developed in western Slavic countries, German-speaking areas and Hungary (see the list of types below for more information on them).
The instrument still occurred as a street instrument in many places throughout Europe till about the twentieth century. 4 (Dec. 31, 1931) The cotton on melody strings tends to be quite light, while drone strings have heavier cotton. They also generally have more strings and doubling or tripling of the melody string is common. The instrument came into a new public consciousness when Today, the tradition has resurfaced. ҍÍ��������c�: �>G�i�t ���R�#�?ԉ���x�����٣�-dI\�sf|kő#h�a //����.k"#W�8��z��p� ��ě�r���Χ1�[+����x��������t�pY)ݿݻI�z]�F�l�ٚ�?����˒7)�4�|��3\ۮ�虎L&9d�0���O��j%3�?�i��x��aʎMbc���I�~��Z'��.k�)��=���=f�P�z�H�\ky�r��θD/��"��Lm$LeR�����������)[�L�! Electronic hurdy-gurdies, on the other hand, manage completely without strings.
The hurdy gurdy, known in France as the vielle a roue or vielle for short, is an ancient instrument which is undergoing a modern renaissance in Europe and America. The hurdy-gurdyis a fascinating instrument which dates back to medieval times,but which is today enjoying a popular revival in many countries,particularly France, both as a folk instrument and for theperformance of medieval and 18th- century music.
They feature a broad keybox and the drone strings run within the keybox. It was then a church instrument played by two men, one fingering the keys, one turning the wheel. The hurdy-gurdy is generally thought to have originated from fiddles in either Europe or the Middle East (e.g., the rebab instrument) some time before the eleventh century A.D.
This technique is often known by its French term, the Regional types of hurdy-gurdies since the Renaissance can also be classified based on wheel size and the presence or absence (and type) of a buzzing bridge. Hurdy Gurdies have had many body shapes over the years (see illustration).
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